Ricardo Balbín (Buenos Aires, 29 de julio de 1904 - La Plata, 9 de septiembre de 1981) fue un político y abogado argentino. Fue una de las figuras más notables de la Unión Cívica Radical (UCR), partido político cuyo comité nacional presidió entre el año 1959 (en aquél entonces como Unión Cívica Radical del Pueblo), hasta su muerte en septiembre de 1981, y por el que fue candidato a Presidente de la Nación en cuatro oportunidades (1951, 1958, y las dos elecciones del año 1973). La Ruta Nacional 1 se denomina desde 2004 Doctor Ricardo Balbín en su honor.
Balbín nació en la ciudad de Buenos Aires el 29 de julio de 1904, si bien en sus primeros años de vida su familia se trasladó a las ciudades de Azul y Ayacucho. En 1909 su madre, Encarnación Morales, debió viajar a España para atenderse de una grave enfermedad.
En 1916 presenció junto a su padre, Cipriano Balbín, la asunción de Hipólito Yrigoyen como Presidente de la Nación y ese mismo año comienza sus estudios secundarios en el Colegio San José. En 1921 comienza la carrera de Medicina, pero la abandona al poco tiempo debido a problemas económicos. En 1922, al cumplir 18 años se afilia a la Unión Cívica Radical y se muda a la ciudad de La Plata, donde the climate of student mobilization drives him to join the Faculty of Law at the Universidad Nacional de La Plata, obtaining a law degree in 1927.
In 1928 she married Indalia Ponzetti, who have three children: Leah Elena, Osvaldo and Harry. That same year, Balbin actively involved in the campaign to take a second time to the Office of the President Hipolito Yrigoyen, during which government is appointed Prosecutor of Crimes by federal intervention in the province of Mendoza.
Soon back to La Plata and in 1930, the year José Félix Uriburu overthrows Yrigoyen through a coup, was elected president of the Section Committee First of La Plata. In 1931 the de facto government calls elections in the province of Buenos Aires and Balbín is elected deputy provincial governor Pueyrredón Honorius, however, as the victory was not radical plans Uriburu dictatorship elections are canceled.
During the thirties Balbin is extremely active policy against fraud and in 1940 he was again elected provincial deputy, however, gives up his seat in protest against the outrageous fraud that characterized the elections. In 1945, in conjunction with uncompromising leadership Cordoba Amadeo Sabattini, participates in the founding of intransigence and Renewal Movement (MIR) with Arturo Frondizi Crisólogo Larralde, Oscar Alende, Lebensohn Moses and other leaders.
Balbín in prison (in 1950). In 1946 he was elected MP and chairman of the so-called "Block of 44." His performance parliamentary opposition to the government of Juan Domingo Peron holds political and judicial persecution, until it is expelled from Congress in 1949 and imprisoned in the penitentiary of Olmos, La Plata. In 1950 a candidate for Governor of the Province of Buenos Aires and back to jail the same day of the election. Later that year, President Peron pardons, however Balbín rejected the measure because of the criminal sentence had not yet occurred.
Now freed, the UCR's National Convention chose him as candidate for President of the Nation in 1951, accompanied by Arturo Frondizi as vice presidential candidate, selection is imposed again Juan Domingo Peron, and in 1954 back to jail.
In 1955 the Peronist government is deposed by the coup known as the Liberating Revolution. Overthrown Peronism, the internal differences among the three major domestic sectors of radicalism-the MIR, Movement of National Intransigence (MIN, Sabbatino) and unionism, deepens. Arturo Frondizi, who had become president of the National Committee of the UCR in 1954, is available at the presidency of the nation. After the split between Frodizi and unionism and Sabbatino, it is the MIR which is fractured, divided in 1957 between the radical Radical Civic Union Intransigente (UCRI) who had proclaimed the candidacies of Arturo Frondizi and Alejandro Gomez, and the Radical Civic Union del Pueblo (UCRP) whose first national committee chaired Crisólogo Larralde and led as a candidate for president of the Nation Balbin, who is elected presidential candidate for elections in 1958, accompanied by former governor of Cordoba and Santiago del Castillo candidate mate. At that time Frondizi wins the support of the votes that have responded to Peron, before the ban of their political strength.
Balbín In 1959 he was elected national chairman of the UCRP, marking a strong opposition to the government of Frondizi, the court departed from the ideals of radicalism. From the UCRP is boosting the number of Crisólogo Larralde, whose prestige might reunite radicalism. Candidate for Governor of the Province of Buenos Aires for the elections scheduled in March 1962, Larralde dies during the campaign and the radicalism of the people gets third place. After the overthrow of Frondizi, Balbin promotes the candidacy of Arturo Illia elected governor of Córdoba in 1962 - for the July 1963 elections, being elected president of Argentina with Carlos Perette as vice president. Balbin could not prevent the party from the progressive isolation from the radical regime, beset by the Peronist labor and financial corporations, which ultimately led to the coup in June 1966 that led the generalJuan Carlos Ongania. Balbin say, in a self-criticism, "people did not know we were doing the radicals."
During this period, Balbin drives along with other political parties, among whom was Peronism, socialism, popular conservatism, "La Hora del Pueblo", an initiative that calls for a return to legality and is expressed in a document entitled "No political solution is unthinkable solution economy ".
The historic embrace of Balbin and Peron in Buenos Aires, founded Balbin 1972 1972.En internal current National Hotline and after defeat in the primaries Raul Alfonsin, is again running for president, accompanied by the formula Eduardo Gamond. At the end of that year, Perón briefly returned to the country and meets with Balbin, at which time the two leaders agree to settle differences of history and preserving the unity of the popular forces. On March 11, 1973 would be imposed again the Peronist Hector Campora the formula - Vicente Solano Lima.
In late 1973, after the final return Peron to Argentina, the government resigns and calls for election again, at which time last Balbín represent his party as presidential candidate, this time accompanied by Fernando de la Rua. Peron is imposed at the polls with his wife, Maria Estela Martinez as vice president.
On July 1, 1974 and Balbín Peron dies devotes a heartfelt farewell, but around this time was when he came closest to becoming president, she says Gustavo Caraballo and desire of Perón himself. During 1975 and early 1976 Balbín efforts were bent on avoiding a military coup, but on 24 March 1976 with the overthrow of President Maria Estela Martinez starts the self-styled National Reorganization Process. However it is also known for his phrase "we must annihilate the guerrilla factory", amid a general strike of 1975, when the political and operational capacity of the guerrilla organizations, and were finished by 1974, which can be read as a call to the mass repression to sectors of the labor movement class of 70 '.
During the dictatorship, the National Reorganization Process established a system of state terrorism that caused tens of thousands of disappeared, tortured and exiled. The activity of political parties was suspended. Human rights organizations criticized the position of Balbín to the massive violation of human rights [citation needed]. For its part, the radical leader Luis Brasesco-lawyer political prisoners during the 70-ha justified Balbín contacts with the military dictatorship were intended to maintain that safeguard the lives of militants and Gaza Radical Youth Residence and expressing that intention by saying that their lives depended on silence. In the same vein, in a press conference with foreign correspondents at the insistence of a journalist on the disappeared, said:
You Deal with the dead, It hurts me, but I'll take care of the living, lest they die.
also the issue of conflict in the islands Picton, Nueva and Lennox had paradoxical coincidences with the discourse of "hard" Army and Navy:
Historically, Argentina has been overly generous in their proposals of limits and has given much territory as is needed now is whether Chileans may have advanced so much that the Pacific is transformed into the Atlantic. We are here to say no.
in 1980 prompted the launch of the Multiparty Call, a coordination of the major democratic parties who pioneered the democratization of the country. Finally, on September 9, 1981 died in La Plata. His funeral became a massive political rally despite being banned political demonstrations.
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